Francis Greenway was a famous convict who was born in England in 1777. His family were builders, stonemasons and architects.
In 1809 Greenway became bankrupt and so he decided to forge a contract. As a result of this crime he was sentenced to transportation to New South Wales for 14 years. This was in 1812. Two years later, in 1814, he arrived in Sydney with a letter of recommendation from ex-governor Hunter. In response to this recommendation, a ticket-of-leave was granted to him and this enabled him to establish his own business as an architect.
In March 1816 Greenway was appointed to the position of civil Architect and Assistant Engineer by Governor Macquarie. For his work he received a salary of 3 shillings (30c) per day.
For six years Greenway designed and supervised the construction of many buildings which have since become part of Australia's colonial heritage. These include St. Matthew's Church, Windsor; St Luke's Church, Liverpool; St. James' Church, Sydney; parts of Old Government House, Parramatta; Government House Stables (now the Conservatorium of Music), Sydney; the Old Hospital, Liverpool; and Hyde Park Barracks (in Macquarie Street, Sydney). The friendship between Macquarie and Greenway, however, did not last - one of the reasons was connected to Greenway's salary.
After Macquarie had been sent back to England, Greenway received only limited work from the new Governor, Brisbane. His temper did not help him to win friends or work.
Before long, Greenway's health began to fail and he fell into poverty. After his wife's death he was tricked out of his property and, in 1837, at the age of sixty he died so poor that his grave did not have a headstone.
Greenway has been described as stubborn, arrogant, temperamental and egotistical. Some even argue that his designs are mere copies and too extravagant. However, Greenway was also a man of great ability, imagination and energy, and he is remembered by many people as Australia's first architect. Most of his buildings are now part of Australia's valued colonial heritage.
Source: Exploring Literacy in School History, Write it Right Project, Disadvantaged Schools Program, Metropolitan East Region, Department of School Education, p.55
(taken from: http://www.lmpc.edu.au/resources/Science/research_projects/text_types/2_recount.html)
Monday, February 4, 2008
Eora resistance to Europeans
The Eora people had lived in the Sydney area for at least 40,000 years before the Europeans arrived. They had lived by hunting, fishing and gathering and believed that they were the guardians of the land. This lifestyle did not last.
When the Europeans arrived in 1788 they occupied sacred land and destroyed Eora hunting and fishing grounds. In 1790 the Eora people began a guerilla war against the Europeans.
In 1794 the Eora, whose leader was Pemulwuy, attacked the European settlement of Brickfield. Thirty-six British and fourteen Eora were killed during this attack. In the same year the Eora killed a British settler. Then the British ordered that six of the tribe be killed.
The Aborigines continued to resist the European invaders by burning their crops and houses, taking food, destroying cattle and killing some settlers. In 1797 they attacked Toongabbie and within a week the farmers had to retreat and the farms were burned. In that year their leader, Pemulwuy, was captured by the British but later escaped.
By 1801 many settlers lived in fear of the Eora and the British started a campaign to destroy Aboriginal resistance. Troopers were sent to kill Aboriginal fighters and capture Pemulwauy. One year later settlers killed the leader in an ambush.
Other great Aboriginal leaders continued fighting against the White settlers. However, the guns of the British were more powerful than the Aboriginal spears. The British shot many of the Aborigines and many others died of the diseases that the British brought.
This period of Black resistance in Sydney finally ended in 1816. It is a significant period in Australian history as it showed the determination of the Aboriginal people to resist the invasion. It also demonstrated how unjustly the Aboriginal people were treated by the White invaders.
Source: Exploring Literacy in School History, Write it Right Project, Disadvantaged Schools Program, Metropolitan East Region, Department of School Education, p.66
(taken from: http://portals.studentnet.edu.au/literacy/DeskTopDefault.aspx?tabid=368)
When the Europeans arrived in 1788 they occupied sacred land and destroyed Eora hunting and fishing grounds. In 1790 the Eora people began a guerilla war against the Europeans.
In 1794 the Eora, whose leader was Pemulwuy, attacked the European settlement of Brickfield. Thirty-six British and fourteen Eora were killed during this attack. In the same year the Eora killed a British settler. Then the British ordered that six of the tribe be killed.
The Aborigines continued to resist the European invaders by burning their crops and houses, taking food, destroying cattle and killing some settlers. In 1797 they attacked Toongabbie and within a week the farmers had to retreat and the farms were burned. In that year their leader, Pemulwuy, was captured by the British but later escaped.
By 1801 many settlers lived in fear of the Eora and the British started a campaign to destroy Aboriginal resistance. Troopers were sent to kill Aboriginal fighters and capture Pemulwauy. One year later settlers killed the leader in an ambush.
Other great Aboriginal leaders continued fighting against the White settlers. However, the guns of the British were more powerful than the Aboriginal spears. The British shot many of the Aborigines and many others died of the diseases that the British brought.
This period of Black resistance in Sydney finally ended in 1816. It is a significant period in Australian history as it showed the determination of the Aboriginal people to resist the invasion. It also demonstrated how unjustly the Aboriginal people were treated by the White invaders.
Source: Exploring Literacy in School History, Write it Right Project, Disadvantaged Schools Program, Metropolitan East Region, Department of School Education, p.66
(taken from: http://portals.studentnet.edu.au/literacy/DeskTopDefault.aspx?tabid=368)
How many calories does a person need daily?
The number of calories the body consumes in a day is different for every person. You may notice on the nutritional labels of the foods you buy that the "percent daily values" are based on a 2,000 calorie diet -- 2,000 calories is a rough average of what people eat in a day. But your body might need more or less than 2,000. Height, weight, gender, age and activity level all affect your caloric needs. There are three main factors involved in calculating how many calories your body needs per day:
· basal metabolic rate
· physical activity
· thermic effect of food
Your basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy your body needs to function at rest. This accounts for about 60 to 70 percent of calories burned in a day and includes the energy required to keep the heart beating, the lungs breathing, the eyelids blinking and the body temperature stabilized. In general, men have a higher BMR than women. One of the most accurate methods of estimating your basal metabolic rate is the Harris-Benedict formula:
Adult male: 66 + (6.3 x body weight in lbs.) + (12.9 x height in inches) - (6.8 x age in years) Adult female: 655 + (4.3 x weight in lbs.) + (4.7 x height in inches) - (4.7 x age in years)
The second factor in the equation, physical activity, consumes the next highest number of calories. Physical activity includes everything from making your bed in the morning to jogging. Walking, lifting, bending and just generally moving around burns calories, but the number of calories you burn in any given activity depends on your body weight.
The thermic effect of food is the final addition to the number of calories your body burns. This is the amount of energy your body uses to digest the food you eat -- it takes energy to break food down to its basic elements in order to be used by the body. To calculate the number of calories you expend in this process, multiply the total number of calories you eat in a day by 0.10, or 10 percent. If you need some help determining how many calories you eat in a day:
· CalorieKing: Food Data (includes fast-food options)
· Calorie Counter (includes vending machine snacks)
NutritionData: Nutrition Facts Calorie Counter
· basal metabolic rate
· physical activity
· thermic effect of food
Your basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy your body needs to function at rest. This accounts for about 60 to 70 percent of calories burned in a day and includes the energy required to keep the heart beating, the lungs breathing, the eyelids blinking and the body temperature stabilized. In general, men have a higher BMR than women. One of the most accurate methods of estimating your basal metabolic rate is the Harris-Benedict formula:
Adult male: 66 + (6.3 x body weight in lbs.) + (12.9 x height in inches) - (6.8 x age in years) Adult female: 655 + (4.3 x weight in lbs.) + (4.7 x height in inches) - (4.7 x age in years)
The second factor in the equation, physical activity, consumes the next highest number of calories. Physical activity includes everything from making your bed in the morning to jogging. Walking, lifting, bending and just generally moving around burns calories, but the number of calories you burn in any given activity depends on your body weight.
The thermic effect of food is the final addition to the number of calories your body burns. This is the amount of energy your body uses to digest the food you eat -- it takes energy to break food down to its basic elements in order to be used by the body. To calculate the number of calories you expend in this process, multiply the total number of calories you eat in a day by 0.10, or 10 percent. If you need some help determining how many calories you eat in a day:
· CalorieKing: Food Data (includes fast-food options)
· Calorie Counter (includes vending machine snacks)
NutritionData: Nutrition Facts Calorie Counter
Taken from: http://www.howstuffworks.com
How Nuclear Medicine Works
In hospitals or on TV, you've probably seen patients undergoing radiation therapy for cancer, and doctors ordering PET scans to diagnose patients. These are part of the medical specialty called nuclear medicine. Nuclear medicine uses radioactive substances to image the body and treat disease. It looks at both the physiology (functioning) and the anatomy of the body in establishing diagnosis and treatment.
In this article, we will explain some of the techniques and terms used in nuclear medicine. You'll learn how radiation helps doctors see deeper inside the human body than they ever could.
Imaging in Nuclear MedicineOne problem with the human body is that it is opaque, and looking inside is generally painful. In the past, exploratory surgery was one common way to look inside the body, but today doctors can use a huge array of non-invasive techniques. Some of these techniques include things like X-rays, MRI scanners, CAT scans, ultrasound and so on. Each of these techniques has advantages and disadvantages that make them useful for different conditions and different parts of the body.
Nuclear medicine imaging techniques give doctors another way to look inside the human body. The techniques combine the use of computers, detectors, and radioactive substances. These techniques include:
· Positron emission tomography (PET)
· Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
· Cardiovascular imaging
· Bone scanning
All of these techniques use different properties of radioactive elements to create an image. See How Radioactivity Works for complete details.
Nuclear medicine imaging is useful for detecting:
· tumors
· aneurysms (weak spots in blood vessel walls)
· irregular or inadequate blood flow to various tissues
· blood cell disorders and inadequate functioning of organs, such as thyroid and pulmonary function deficiencies.
The use of any specific test, or combination of tests, depends upon the patient's symptoms and the disease being diagnose
by Craig C. Freudenrich, Ph.D.
In this article, we will explain some of the techniques and terms used in nuclear medicine. You'll learn how radiation helps doctors see deeper inside the human body than they ever could.
Imaging in Nuclear MedicineOne problem with the human body is that it is opaque, and looking inside is generally painful. In the past, exploratory surgery was one common way to look inside the body, but today doctors can use a huge array of non-invasive techniques. Some of these techniques include things like X-rays, MRI scanners, CAT scans, ultrasound and so on. Each of these techniques has advantages and disadvantages that make them useful for different conditions and different parts of the body.
Nuclear medicine imaging techniques give doctors another way to look inside the human body. The techniques combine the use of computers, detectors, and radioactive substances. These techniques include:
· Positron emission tomography (PET)
· Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
· Cardiovascular imaging
· Bone scanning
All of these techniques use different properties of radioactive elements to create an image. See How Radioactivity Works for complete details.
Nuclear medicine imaging is useful for detecting:
· tumors
· aneurysms (weak spots in blood vessel walls)
· irregular or inadequate blood flow to various tissues
· blood cell disorders and inadequate functioning of organs, such as thyroid and pulmonary function deficiencies.
The use of any specific test, or combination of tests, depends upon the patient's symptoms and the disease being diagnose
by Craig C. Freudenrich, Ph.D.
Taken from: http://www.howstuffworks.com
Bathing, feeding and grooming cat
For cat lovers here are the steps to lead you to a longer and happier relationship with your cat.
Bathing Cats
· Cats normally don't require bathing, but if your cat does need a bath, get a friend to assist. Place a small washable rug or towel over the side of the basin or tub for the cat to cling to. A cat gets panicky on a slippery surface where it can't get a foothold. Hold the cat with one hand and lather quickly with the other.
· Before bathing a cat, put a drop of mineral oil in each eye to prevent irritation from soap.
· Make certain the water temperature is roughly 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Warmer or cooler water will cause your cat distress and may make it difficult to handle.
· Wash the head, ears, and neck first. If you don't, any fleas that are on the animal will take refuge there while you clean the rest of its body. Be careful not to get shampoo in the eyes.
· To avoid colds, keep your cat inside for several hours after a bath.
· Cats normally don't require bathing, but if your cat does need a bath, get a friend to assist. Place a small washable rug or towel over the side of the basin or tub for the cat to cling to. A cat gets panicky on a slippery surface where it can't get a foothold. Hold the cat with one hand and lather quickly with the other.
· Before bathing a cat, put a drop of mineral oil in each eye to prevent irritation from soap.
· Make certain the water temperature is roughly 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Warmer or cooler water will cause your cat distress and may make it difficult to handle.
· Wash the head, ears, and neck first. If you don't, any fleas that are on the animal will take refuge there while you clean the rest of its body. Be careful not to get shampoo in the eyes.
· To avoid colds, keep your cat inside for several hours after a bath.
Feeding Cats
· Never offer your cat bones -- they can splinter into sharp pieces and catch in your pet's throat.
· If moist pet food is not eaten within two hours, refrigerate it. Dry food and biscuits are the only foods that can be left out for any length of time.
· Do not feed dog food to a cat.
· If you're going to change your pet's diet, do it gradually. A sudden change may be a shock to the animal's system.
· Don't worry if your cat eats grass; many animals actually graze.
· On a hot day, be vigilant about a cat's water supply. Fill your pet's bowl with cold tap water and freshen it often.
· Never offer your cat bones -- they can splinter into sharp pieces and catch in your pet's throat.
· If moist pet food is not eaten within two hours, refrigerate it. Dry food and biscuits are the only foods that can be left out for any length of time.
· Do not feed dog food to a cat.
· If you're going to change your pet's diet, do it gradually. A sudden change may be a shock to the animal's system.
· Don't worry if your cat eats grass; many animals actually graze.
· On a hot day, be vigilant about a cat's water supply. Fill your pet's bowl with cold tap water and freshen it often.
Grooming Cats
· When your cat starts to shed hair, usually after the cold-weather months, massage its coat with your hands, then stroke the animal from head to tail with your palms. You'll have less hair all over the house.
· If you encounter matted or tangled fur when combing a long-haired cat, use your fingers, not a comb, to separate the tangles.
· When brushing short-haired cats, be sure to brush between the shoulders where the cat can't reach to groom itself.
· Your cat's claws will be easier to trim if you press the paw to expose the nails. Use special clippers from the pet supply store -- never use human nail clippers on a cat. Cut the nail well clear of the quick -- the pink line you can see running through the nail.
· Your cat's ears should be cleaned monthly. Clean only that part of the ear canal that you can see, using a cotton swab soaked in mineral oil or alcohol.
· Don't leave your cat in a car in hot weather, even if the windows are open. Heat builds up very quickly in a car and can cause collapse or even death.
The final section of this article focuses on important health issues you need to consider when caring for your cat.
· When your cat starts to shed hair, usually after the cold-weather months, massage its coat with your hands, then stroke the animal from head to tail with your palms. You'll have less hair all over the house.
· If you encounter matted or tangled fur when combing a long-haired cat, use your fingers, not a comb, to separate the tangles.
· When brushing short-haired cats, be sure to brush between the shoulders where the cat can't reach to groom itself.
· Your cat's claws will be easier to trim if you press the paw to expose the nails. Use special clippers from the pet supply store -- never use human nail clippers on a cat. Cut the nail well clear of the quick -- the pink line you can see running through the nail.
· Your cat's ears should be cleaned monthly. Clean only that part of the ear canal that you can see, using a cotton swab soaked in mineral oil or alcohol.
· Don't leave your cat in a car in hot weather, even if the windows are open. Heat builds up very quickly in a car and can cause collapse or even death.
The final section of this article focuses on important health issues you need to consider when caring for your cat.
Source: http://www.howstuffworks.com
Sunday, February 3, 2008
Carbohydrates and Diseases
Complex carbohydrates are the all-stars of disease prevention and disease management. That's because of their high fiber content as well as the abundance of vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients they contain.
For example,
Prevent heart disease. Researchers say that if people reduced the overall amount of fat in their diet, the amount of saturated fat would also drop. Since fat has more than twice as many calories as carbohydrate and protein (9 calories per gram for fat compared to 4 calories per gram for carbohydrate or protein), reducing the amount of fat in the diet and increasing the amount of carbohydrate would mean eating fewer calories.
Carbohydrate foods are naturally low in fat. When minimally processed, they contain fiber that helps reduce cholesterol levels by removing LDL from the body.
To help reduce the risk of heart disease, the American Heart Association (AHA) currently recommends a diet rich in fruits; vegetables; legumes (beans); whole, unrefined, complex carbohydrates; low-fat dairy products; fish; lean meats; and poultry.
Gastrointestinal disease. Complex carbohydrates, such as whole fruits and vegetables, beans, and whole grains, are particularly helpful for improving overall gastrointestinal health. These foods are high in fiber, which plays a pivotal role in reducing the incidence of constipation and diverticulosis, a condition in which tiny pouches form inside the colon. Fiber may also reduce the risk of colon, stomach, and gallbladder cancers. Increased intake of intact grains and other fiber-rich, whole, complex carbohydrate foods helps decrease pressure inside the intestinal tract and may help prevent diverticulosis as well as diverticulitis, the painful inflammation of the pouches. Many of these complex carbohydrate foods also pack vitamins and minerals, such as iron, zinc, magnesium, and a host of B vitamins, as well as antioxidants such as vitamins E and C, selenium, and beta carotene. The phytic acid found in whole grains may help reduce cancer risk by decreasing free radicals. Free radicals, molecules formed as a byproduct of various biochemical processes in your body, can damage cells. Reducing the amount of free radicals can in turn reduce the risk of cancer.
Diabetes. A diet filled with complex carbohydrates can help treat and manage diabetes. The body processes all forms of carbohydrate the same way, turning them into sugar (glucose). It's the speed with which the carbohydrate is processed and its corresponding effect on blood sugar that is important in diabetes management. Since simple, refined carbohydrates raise blood sugar more dramatically than do complex carbohydrates, people with diabetes should eat low-GI carbohydrates rather than refined, high-GI carbs.
Insulin resistance. One way to reduce your chances of developing insulin resistance is by eating plenty of low-GI complex carbohydrates and fewer high-GI, refined, simple carbohydrates.
Obesity. People who are overweight typically respond differently to carbohydrates than people who are not. A diet of high-GI, refined carbohydrates may have a much more adverse effect on an obese person's health. For example, in the ongoing Nurses' Health Study, established at Brigham and Women's Hospital in 1976 with funding from the National Institutes of Health, the odds of having a heart attack are increased for overweight women who eat lots of simple (easily digested) carbohydrates. Additionally, volunteers following high-carbohydrate, low-fat diets experienced unhealthy changes in levels of HDL (the good cholesterol), triglycerides (a type of fat), blood sugar, and insulin-the changes being most pronounced in overweight, inactive people. People who are lean and active may be better able to handle a high-carbohydrate intake for a number of reasons. First of all, being overweight makes it more difficult for insulin to do its job helping glucose get into the cells to provide energy. Secondly, people who are more active require more fuel for energy and are particularly efficient at burning carbohydrate, which is the body's preferred source. This allows active people to burn excess carbohydrate for energy instead of storing it as fat. Finally, when you have less fat tissue and more muscle, the body is more efficient at processing and digesting food, including carbohydrates. Whole grains, legumes, fruits, and most vegetables are naturally low in fat and contain healthy carbohydrates and significant amounts of fiber, all of which contribute to an overall healthy eating plan. Human studies have produced mixed results in the low-GI/weight-loss arena, but it certainly isn't harmful to employ the GI when making daily food choices. Some people may experience weight loss as a result.
For example,
Prevent heart disease. Researchers say that if people reduced the overall amount of fat in their diet, the amount of saturated fat would also drop. Since fat has more than twice as many calories as carbohydrate and protein (9 calories per gram for fat compared to 4 calories per gram for carbohydrate or protein), reducing the amount of fat in the diet and increasing the amount of carbohydrate would mean eating fewer calories.
Carbohydrate foods are naturally low in fat. When minimally processed, they contain fiber that helps reduce cholesterol levels by removing LDL from the body.
To help reduce the risk of heart disease, the American Heart Association (AHA) currently recommends a diet rich in fruits; vegetables; legumes (beans); whole, unrefined, complex carbohydrates; low-fat dairy products; fish; lean meats; and poultry.
Gastrointestinal disease. Complex carbohydrates, such as whole fruits and vegetables, beans, and whole grains, are particularly helpful for improving overall gastrointestinal health. These foods are high in fiber, which plays a pivotal role in reducing the incidence of constipation and diverticulosis, a condition in which tiny pouches form inside the colon. Fiber may also reduce the risk of colon, stomach, and gallbladder cancers. Increased intake of intact grains and other fiber-rich, whole, complex carbohydrate foods helps decrease pressure inside the intestinal tract and may help prevent diverticulosis as well as diverticulitis, the painful inflammation of the pouches. Many of these complex carbohydrate foods also pack vitamins and minerals, such as iron, zinc, magnesium, and a host of B vitamins, as well as antioxidants such as vitamins E and C, selenium, and beta carotene. The phytic acid found in whole grains may help reduce cancer risk by decreasing free radicals. Free radicals, molecules formed as a byproduct of various biochemical processes in your body, can damage cells. Reducing the amount of free radicals can in turn reduce the risk of cancer.
Diabetes. A diet filled with complex carbohydrates can help treat and manage diabetes. The body processes all forms of carbohydrate the same way, turning them into sugar (glucose). It's the speed with which the carbohydrate is processed and its corresponding effect on blood sugar that is important in diabetes management. Since simple, refined carbohydrates raise blood sugar more dramatically than do complex carbohydrates, people with diabetes should eat low-GI carbohydrates rather than refined, high-GI carbs.
Insulin resistance. One way to reduce your chances of developing insulin resistance is by eating plenty of low-GI complex carbohydrates and fewer high-GI, refined, simple carbohydrates.
Obesity. People who are overweight typically respond differently to carbohydrates than people who are not. A diet of high-GI, refined carbohydrates may have a much more adverse effect on an obese person's health. For example, in the ongoing Nurses' Health Study, established at Brigham and Women's Hospital in 1976 with funding from the National Institutes of Health, the odds of having a heart attack are increased for overweight women who eat lots of simple (easily digested) carbohydrates. Additionally, volunteers following high-carbohydrate, low-fat diets experienced unhealthy changes in levels of HDL (the good cholesterol), triglycerides (a type of fat), blood sugar, and insulin-the changes being most pronounced in overweight, inactive people. People who are lean and active may be better able to handle a high-carbohydrate intake for a number of reasons. First of all, being overweight makes it more difficult for insulin to do its job helping glucose get into the cells to provide energy. Secondly, people who are more active require more fuel for energy and are particularly efficient at burning carbohydrate, which is the body's preferred source. This allows active people to burn excess carbohydrate for energy instead of storing it as fat. Finally, when you have less fat tissue and more muscle, the body is more efficient at processing and digesting food, including carbohydrates. Whole grains, legumes, fruits, and most vegetables are naturally low in fat and contain healthy carbohydrates and significant amounts of fiber, all of which contribute to an overall healthy eating plan. Human studies have produced mixed results in the low-GI/weight-loss arena, but it certainly isn't harmful to employ the GI when making daily food choices. Some people may experience weight loss as a result.
Source: http://www.howstuffworks.com
Lots small Changes = Big changes
Universe is like a huge mirror. It reflects what we’ve done to her. Destroy the earth, and then the earth will destroy us. The real example is global warming issue. Global warming is a big issue that caused by human activities.
But there are lot of small and simple things that we can do by our own for our earth and all of the human being. Just like a life insurance, we do simple things from now for better life in the future. Lots of small changes = big changes over time.
Here are some small changes you can make to your everyday life to do our part to stop global warming:
Energy Conservation- the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere appears to be the most important cause of recent warming. How can you help, you ask?
1.) Turn the thermostat down by 2 degrees in the winter. Reduce CO2 emissions by 0.62%.
2.) Stay in town for the weekend. Drive 100 fewer miles per week and reduce CO2 emissions by 4.11%.
3.) Replace the incandescent light bulbs in your house with compact florescent ones. These use less energy and last longer and cut down on CO2 emissions. It’s a win-win-win situation.
4.) Dry your clothes outside on a clothesline or inside on a rack instead of putting them in the dryer.
5.) Only turn lights on in the evening or early morning when the sun doesn’t come in through the windows. Turn lights off as you leave rooms.
6.) Going on vacation? Make sure the heat or A/C is turned down and the water heater is turned off before leaving.
7.) Use cold water when doing laundry whenever possible.
8.) Carpool next time you and your friends are going somewhere together.
9.) Unplug! Unplug power strips and appliances that you don’t use that often or only at certain times of the day (chargers, cordless tools, etc). Even though they may be turned off, the “standby” energy used is equal to that of a 75 watt light bulb running continuously.
10.) Enable the "sleep mode" feature on your computer, allowing it to use less power during periods of inactivity. In Windows, the power management settings are found on your control panel. Mac users, look for energy saving settings under system preferences in the apple menu.
11.) Configure your computer to "hibernate" automatically after 30 minutes or so of inactivity. The "hibernate mode" turns the computer off in a way that doesn't require you to reload everything when you switch it back on. Allowing your computer to hibernate saves energy and is more time-efficient than shutting down and restarting your computer from scratch.
1.) Turn the thermostat down by 2 degrees in the winter. Reduce CO2 emissions by 0.62%.
2.) Stay in town for the weekend. Drive 100 fewer miles per week and reduce CO2 emissions by 4.11%.
3.) Replace the incandescent light bulbs in your house with compact florescent ones. These use less energy and last longer and cut down on CO2 emissions. It’s a win-win-win situation.
4.) Dry your clothes outside on a clothesline or inside on a rack instead of putting them in the dryer.
5.) Only turn lights on in the evening or early morning when the sun doesn’t come in through the windows. Turn lights off as you leave rooms.
6.) Going on vacation? Make sure the heat or A/C is turned down and the water heater is turned off before leaving.
7.) Use cold water when doing laundry whenever possible.
8.) Carpool next time you and your friends are going somewhere together.
9.) Unplug! Unplug power strips and appliances that you don’t use that often or only at certain times of the day (chargers, cordless tools, etc). Even though they may be turned off, the “standby” energy used is equal to that of a 75 watt light bulb running continuously.
10.) Enable the "sleep mode" feature on your computer, allowing it to use less power during periods of inactivity. In Windows, the power management settings are found on your control panel. Mac users, look for energy saving settings under system preferences in the apple menu.
11.) Configure your computer to "hibernate" automatically after 30 minutes or so of inactivity. The "hibernate mode" turns the computer off in a way that doesn't require you to reload everything when you switch it back on. Allowing your computer to hibernate saves energy and is more time-efficient than shutting down and restarting your computer from scratch.
Water Conservation- humans can live up to a month without food, but no more than approximately 7 days without water. While there is a LOT of water on this planet, only 3% of it can be used as drinking water. Let’s do something now to ensure this lasts us!
12.) Shorten your showers to less than 10 minutes. Already doing it in less than 10 minutes? Make it 7.
13.) Turn off the water while you’re brushing your teeth, shaving, or washing your face.
14.) Leaky faucet or shower head? A dripping faucet can waste up to 2,000 gallons/7,600 liters of water a year. Check the plumbing in your house and repair the leaks as soon as possible.
15.) Ask your parents if they’d like to invest in low-flush toilets, shower heads and faucet aerators. You’ll save thousands of gallons of water each year and your parents’ water bill will be lower!
16.) Call your water utility and ask for a copy of their latest water quality report. Public water utilities regularly test the quality of the drinking water they provide to customers.
17.) Lawn and garden pesticides and fertilizers can pollute the water. Reduce your use of pesticides and fertilizers and look for safer alternatives to control weeds and bugs. For example, geraniums repel Japanese beetles; garlic and mint repel aphids; and marigolds repel whiteflies.
18.) Make the most of the water you use outdoors by never watering at the hottest times of the day or when it’s windy. Turnoff your sprinklers when it’s raining. On average, 50% - 70% of household water is used outdoors for watering lawns and gardens.
19.) Have a garden? Use mulch in it to help conserve water (the earth stays moister longer).
12.) Shorten your showers to less than 10 minutes. Already doing it in less than 10 minutes? Make it 7.
13.) Turn off the water while you’re brushing your teeth, shaving, or washing your face.
14.) Leaky faucet or shower head? A dripping faucet can waste up to 2,000 gallons/7,600 liters of water a year. Check the plumbing in your house and repair the leaks as soon as possible.
15.) Ask your parents if they’d like to invest in low-flush toilets, shower heads and faucet aerators. You’ll save thousands of gallons of water each year and your parents’ water bill will be lower!
16.) Call your water utility and ask for a copy of their latest water quality report. Public water utilities regularly test the quality of the drinking water they provide to customers.
17.) Lawn and garden pesticides and fertilizers can pollute the water. Reduce your use of pesticides and fertilizers and look for safer alternatives to control weeds and bugs. For example, geraniums repel Japanese beetles; garlic and mint repel aphids; and marigolds repel whiteflies.
18.) Make the most of the water you use outdoors by never watering at the hottest times of the day or when it’s windy. Turnoff your sprinklers when it’s raining. On average, 50% - 70% of household water is used outdoors for watering lawns and gardens.
19.) Have a garden? Use mulch in it to help conserve water (the earth stays moister longer).
Pollution Prevention- We all know that we are supposed to reduce, reuse, and recycle, but what exactly does that mean? It’s not just putting your soda bottles out every week and using grocery bags as lunch bags. Here are some other ideas that are easy enough for you to do and encourage others to do as well.
20.) Reuse bags and containers: brown paper bags are great for wrapping packages. Wash out plastic containers and glass jars you buy food in and use them as Tupperware.
21.) Use old newspapers as wrapping paper and jazz it up with pretty ribbon or a bow. If you’re lucky you might get Sunday’s color comic section.
22.) One person’s trash is another person’s treasure. Instead of throwing out old clothes and toys, donate them to a local shelter or a secondhand store like Goodwill or Salvation Army.
23.) Organize an in-home recycling center and teach your family how to use it. Have separate bins for glass, plastics, and newspaper/cardboard. Make a deal with your family that if they put their recyclables in the bins that you’ll take them to the curb.
24.) Be fancy! Replace the use of paper napkins at dinnertime with cloth napkins. You can wash these, a couple of times a week, or whenever they are dirty. Use dish towels to wipe up messes instead of paper towels. These, too, will help cut down on the amount of garbage your household produces.
25.) If you’re having a party and want to use disposable plates and cups, skip the plastic and get paper ones. These break down easier in the environment and don’t deplete the ozone layer as much (although it’s better to nix the disposables and use washables!).
26.) Ask the dry cleaners if they will take back their wire hangers and use them again.
27.) Paper or plastic? Neither! When grocery shopping, take your own reusable canvas or cloth bags (or ask your parents to).
28.) Looking for a new car? Research the numerous companies who make hybrid cars. Some examples, Toyota Prius, Toyota Camry, Honda Civic, and Ford Escape.
20.) Reuse bags and containers: brown paper bags are great for wrapping packages. Wash out plastic containers and glass jars you buy food in and use them as Tupperware.
21.) Use old newspapers as wrapping paper and jazz it up with pretty ribbon or a bow. If you’re lucky you might get Sunday’s color comic section.
22.) One person’s trash is another person’s treasure. Instead of throwing out old clothes and toys, donate them to a local shelter or a secondhand store like Goodwill or Salvation Army.
23.) Organize an in-home recycling center and teach your family how to use it. Have separate bins for glass, plastics, and newspaper/cardboard. Make a deal with your family that if they put their recyclables in the bins that you’ll take them to the curb.
24.) Be fancy! Replace the use of paper napkins at dinnertime with cloth napkins. You can wash these, a couple of times a week, or whenever they are dirty. Use dish towels to wipe up messes instead of paper towels. These, too, will help cut down on the amount of garbage your household produces.
25.) If you’re having a party and want to use disposable plates and cups, skip the plastic and get paper ones. These break down easier in the environment and don’t deplete the ozone layer as much (although it’s better to nix the disposables and use washables!).
26.) Ask the dry cleaners if they will take back their wire hangers and use them again.
27.) Paper or plastic? Neither! When grocery shopping, take your own reusable canvas or cloth bags (or ask your parents to).
28.) Looking for a new car? Research the numerous companies who make hybrid cars. Some examples, Toyota Prius, Toyota Camry, Honda Civic, and Ford Escape.
Source : (http://www.dosomething.com)
Saturday, February 2, 2008
Back-On
Back-on is a Japanese rap, rock and punk band that famous through their song Chain, which was featured as the main opening theme for the very popular anime Air Gear. Since then, Back-on’s music has featured as the opening theme to the 6-part Murder Princess OVA, and as both the opening and closing themes of the anime Eyeshield 21.
Back-On consist of 5 members:
TEEDA (MC)
KENJI03 (Vocals/MC/Guitar)
SHU (Guitar)
GORI (Bass)
ICCHAN (Drums)
Beside featured as soundtrack of famous anime their songs (Drive and Colors) also have featured as the main theme for a late night weekly TV Tokyo entertainment show “Tokyo Mayokara” for following years. Their activities have also expanded further than the shores of Japan: Back-on has been invited to perform as the main feature band at least 3 anime conventions. One in America in April 2007 for Anime Matsuri, the next in Canada in August 2007 for Anime Evolution, as well as Anime USA during November 2007.
In addition to visiting the North Americas, the band has recently completed a successful debut in Asia at Formoz Festival 2007 in Taiwan, performing at one of Asia’s most popular outdoor rock events.
However, Back-on have continued to actively promote their music around Japan by being the main performance with other bands, although their first solo performance was actually only held in July 2007.
They have many fans both at home in Japan, as well as out of the country because of their unique musical style that inspired by: The Police, Smashing Pumpkins, Linkin Park, and the Fugees.
They have released several mini-albums (EPs) and singles. Their upcoming release schedule is unconfirmed, but there is news that a new single will be released in March/April 2008, but their most recent release included 2 singles on the same day. The title songs from both singles - flower and Butterfly were new theme songs for Eyeshield 21 and the new 6-part J-drama Shinjuku Swan.
The band itself originates from Adachi and Back-on aims to show the street flavour of Adachi, Tokyo. Each song is meant to deliver a message, with an ‘explosive‘ impact, that's why their band name is Back-on. Back-on’s name comes from the sound of an explosion “爆音“, which has the romaji pronunciation “bakuon”.
Current Members
Blog : KENちゃん奮闘記～秩序のない現代にドロップキック!!～
Name: TEEDA
DOB: December 28th 1984
Blood type: A
Star sign: Capricorn
Instruments: MC
Favourite Artists: Kotton Mouth Kings, Crazy Town, Zodak, Insolence, P.O.D, Shaka Zombie/ Shakka Zombie.
Favourite (Art/Manga) Artists : Mister Cartoon, つの丸 (Tsuno Maru), 井上雄彦 (Inoue Takehiko), 鳥山明 (Toriyama Akira), 増田こうすけ (Masuda Kosuke)
Blog : TEEDAのFREE男夢っ!!
Name: SHU
DOB: October 24th 1984
Blood type: B
Star sign: Scorpio
Instruments: Guitar
Favourite Artists: Guns N’ Roses, Asian Dub Foundation
Name: GORI
DOB: June 13th 1984
Blood type: B
Star sign: Gemini
Instruments: Bass
Favourite Artists: Hoobastank, Chara, aiko, JINくん, J (Jun Onose).
Blog : ごりっぷノットの部屋
Name: ICCHAN
DOB: October 2nd 1985
Blood type: B
Star sign: Libra
Instruments: Drums
Favourite Food: Any food eaten with family and friends, food cooked by his father, egg roll sushi.
Favourite Artists: Toto, Earth, Wind & Fire, Dreams Come True, Bennie K, m-flo, Black Eyed Peas.
Previous Members
Name: MACCHINDOB: October 3rd 1977Star sign: Libra
(Source: http://www.backon-online.com/)
Back-On consist of 5 members:
TEEDA (MC)
KENJI03 (Vocals/MC/Guitar)
SHU (Guitar)
GORI (Bass)
ICCHAN (Drums)
Beside featured as soundtrack of famous anime their songs (Drive and Colors) also have featured as the main theme for a late night weekly TV Tokyo entertainment show “Tokyo Mayokara” for following years. Their activities have also expanded further than the shores of Japan: Back-on has been invited to perform as the main feature band at least 3 anime conventions. One in America in April 2007 for Anime Matsuri, the next in Canada in August 2007 for Anime Evolution, as well as Anime USA during November 2007.
In addition to visiting the North Americas, the band has recently completed a successful debut in Asia at Formoz Festival 2007 in Taiwan, performing at one of Asia’s most popular outdoor rock events.
However, Back-on have continued to actively promote their music around Japan by being the main performance with other bands, although their first solo performance was actually only held in July 2007.
They have many fans both at home in Japan, as well as out of the country because of their unique musical style that inspired by: The Police, Smashing Pumpkins, Linkin Park, and the Fugees.
They have released several mini-albums (EPs) and singles. Their upcoming release schedule is unconfirmed, but there is news that a new single will be released in March/April 2008, but their most recent release included 2 singles on the same day. The title songs from both singles - flower and Butterfly were new theme songs for Eyeshield 21 and the new 6-part J-drama Shinjuku Swan.
The band itself originates from Adachi and Back-on aims to show the street flavour of Adachi, Tokyo. Each song is meant to deliver a message, with an ‘explosive‘ impact, that's why their band name is Back-on. Back-on’s name comes from the sound of an explosion “爆音“, which has the romaji pronunciation “bakuon”.
Current Members
Name: KENJI03
DOB: September 25th 1984
Blood type: O
Star sign: Libra
Instruments: Vocals, MC, Guitar
Favourite Artists: Smashing Pumpkins，AIR (alt) Oasis，HideFavourite Food: Ginza Curry (銀座カレー)Blog : KENちゃん奮闘記～秩序のない現代にドロップキック!!～
Name: TEEDA
DOB: December 28th 1984
Blood type: A
Star sign: Capricorn
Instruments: MC
Favourite Artists: Kotton Mouth Kings, Crazy Town, Zodak, Insolence, P.O.D, Shaka Zombie/ Shakka Zombie.
Favourite (Art/Manga) Artists : Mister Cartoon, つの丸 (Tsuno Maru), 井上雄彦 (Inoue Takehiko), 鳥山明 (Toriyama Akira), 増田こうすけ (Masuda Kosuke)
Blog : TEEDAのFREE男夢っ!!
Name: SHU
DOB: October 24th 1984
Blood type: B
Star sign: Scorpio
Instruments: Guitar
Favourite Artists: Guns N’ Roses, Asian Dub Foundation
Name: GORI
DOB: June 13th 1984
Blood type: B
Star sign: Gemini
Instruments: Bass
Favourite Artists: Hoobastank, Chara, aiko, JINくん, J (Jun Onose).
Blog : ごりっぷノットの部屋
Name: ICCHAN
DOB: October 2nd 1985
Blood type: B
Star sign: Libra
Instruments: Drums
Favourite Food: Any food eaten with family and friends, food cooked by his father, egg roll sushi.
Favourite Artists: Toto, Earth, Wind & Fire, Dreams Come True, Bennie K, m-flo, Black Eyed Peas.
Previous Members
Name: MACCHINDOB: October 3rd 1977Star sign: Libra
(Source: http://www.backon-online.com/)
"Toribura" review
Trinity BloodIn 3080 AD, human being faced a huge disaster called Armageddon. The disaster almost destroyed whole of the civilization on Earth. And then, the Armageddon caused a long and big war between 2 Terran and Methuselah or human and vampire.
The Terrans treated Methuselah who had strange power and long life ain’t nothing much than a monster. Beside, Methuselahs thought that terran was only a food source for them.
After a long war, finally the Terrans could ‘push’ the Methuselahs to Byzantium. And the time passed by. The war had been just a history that forgotten by people.
After a long war, finally the Terrans could ‘push’ the Methuselahs to Byzantium. And the time passed by. The war had been just a history that forgotten by people.
The terrans lived their life in the world which started to heal and the methuselahs stayed in Byzantium Teikoku. But that wasn’t meant the war was over. There were still Methuselahs who hunted terran for their food. Not only fear but there were also problems which increased the stress and conflict between Terran and Methuselah.
To stop tragedies that keep continued, Terrans built ‘fort’, Vatican, in Rome. One of the division was Ax (Division of State ecclesiastical Affairs) that leaded by Catherine Sforza. Even though Ax was just a little division but it was consist of experts who had no competitor in their field.
They were: the cyborg and war machine; tres Iqus; No.1 expert of sword fighting, Hugue de Watteau; the genius man William Wordsworth a.k.a ‘Professor’; Leon de Asturias (Dandelion); Noelle Bor (Mistress); Vaclav havel (Know Faith); Kate Scott (Iron Maiden) and Abel Nightroad a gentleman who always smiling but had a monster inside of him, called Crusnix.
During did their duties, Ax found that there was an organization that didn’t expect peace for terrans and Methuselahs. They were ‘Rozenkreuz Orden’. Rozenkreuz Orden wanted to change the world by destroy it first.
Trinity Blood, an anime series based on a series of novels by Youshida Sunao. It's a complex web of action, intrigue, science fiction, and horror. The designs are very retro, goth, and so cool. Tread carefully through the unhallowed halls of the day after tomorrow where supernatural nightmares dances with technological horrors in an unholy symphony of terror. You might want to wear a turtle-neck.
Source : (Animonster magazine, no. 86, May 2006)
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